SQL – Run SQL Server BLOG

2nd September 202415th October 2024

Check the SQL Server version

There are always some new features in the database server, which has SQL version checking requirements. For example: GRANT VIEW DATABASE PERFORMANCE STATE TO [user] can run, if your server at least SQL Server 2022.

In this case if you don’t want to see error in an older version , you have to check it:

IF (CAST(LEFT( CAST(SERVERPROPERTY('ProductVersion') as varchar(50)), 2) AS INT) >= 16)

BEGIN
    -- Execute the command if the version is at least SQL Server 2022
    SELECT @@SERVERNAME AS ServeName,@@VERSION AS Version, 'GREAT! SQL Server version is at least 2022' as Message;
END
ELSE
BEGIN
    -- Optional: Handle the case where the version is less than SQL Server 2022
	SELECT @@SERVERNAME AS ServeName,@@VERSION AS Version, 'SQL Server version is less than 2022. There is no : VIEW DATABASE PERFORMANCE STATE.'  as Message;
END

IF (CAST(LEFT( CAST(SERVERPROPERTY('ProductVersion') as varchar(50)), 2) AS INT) >= 16)

BEGIN

-- Execute the command if the version is at least SQL Server 2022

SELECT @@SERVERNAME AS ServeName,@@VERSION AS Version, 'GREAT! SQL Server version is at least 2022' as Message;

END

ELSE

BEGIN

-- Optional: Handle the case where the version is less than SQL Server 2022

SELECT @@SERVERNAME AS ServeName,@@VERSION AS Version, 'SQL Server version is less than 2022. There is no : VIEW DATABASE PERFORMANCE STATE.' as Message;

END

7th July 20247th July 2024

DateTime calculator to UTC to Local Server time to a specific TimeZone

In SQL server you can get the local datetime UTC time . Convert it to different TimeZone:

DECLARE @CurrentDateTime DATETIME = GETDATE();
DECLARE @CurrentUTC DATETIME = GETUTCDATE();
DECLARE @TimeZoneLocal VARCHAR(50)
EXEC MASTER.dbo.xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE', 'SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\TimeZoneInformation','TimeZoneKeyName',@TimeZoneLocal OUT

SELECT 
@TimeZoneLocal AS ServerTimeZone,
GETDATE() AS ServerCurrentDT,
GETUTCDATE()  AS 'GetUTCDATE',
GETDATE() AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AS 'UTC',
GETUTCDATE() AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'  AT TIME ZONE 'Eastern Standard Time' AS 'to EST',
GETUTCDATE() AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'  AT TIME ZONE 'Pacific Standard Time' AS 'to PST',
GETUTCDATE() AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'Central European Standard Time' AS 'to CET',
GETUTCDATE() AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE'India Standard Time' AS 'to IST';

DECLARE @CurrentDateTime DATETIME = GETDATE();

DECLARE @CurrentUTC DATETIME = GETUTCDATE();

DECLARE @TimeZoneLocal VARCHAR(50)

EXEC MASTER.dbo.xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE', 'SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\TimeZoneInformation','TimeZoneKeyName',@TimeZoneLocal OUT

SELECT

@TimeZoneLocal AS ServerTimeZone,

GETDATE() AS ServerCurrentDT,

GETUTCDATE() AS 'GetUTCDATE',

GETDATE() AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AS 'UTC',

GETUTCDATE() AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'Eastern Standard Time' AS 'to EST',

GETUTCDATE() AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'Pacific Standard Time' AS 'to PST',

GETUTCDATE() AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'Central European Standard Time' AS 'to CET',

GETUTCDATE() AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE'India Standard Time' AS 'to IST';

Convert a local datetime or the server local time to different timezone:

DECLARE @OneDatetime DATETIME = '2024-07-05 16:21:00.000'; -- Replace with your datetime value in Local server datetime
Set @OneDatetime = GETDATE() -- you can comment out if you have spec datetime for local server  in previous line
DECLARE @TimeZone VARCHAR(50) EXEC MASTER.dbo.xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE', 'SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\TimeZoneInformation','TimeZoneKeyName',@TimeZone OUT


SELECT 
@OneDatetime  AS OneDatetime ,
@OneDatetime AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone  AS 'Local_OneDatetime' ,
Convert(DATETIME, @OneDatetime AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone AT TIME ZONE 'Pacific Standard Time')AS 'to PST',
Convert(DATETIME, @OneDatetime AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone AT TIME ZONE 'Eastern Standard Time') AS 'to EST',
Convert(DATETIME, @OneDatetime AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' ) AS 'to UTC',
Convert(DATETIME, @OneDatetime AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone AT TIME ZONE 'Central European Standard Time') AS 'to CET',
Convert(DATETIME, @OneDatetime AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone AT TIME ZONE 'India Standard Time') AS 'to IST',
@TimeZone AS ServerTimeZone,
GETDATE()  AS Server_Currrent_GetDate,
@OneDatetime AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone AS  'Server_current_offset'

DECLARE @OneDatetime DATETIME = '2024-07-05 16:21:00.000'; -- Replace with your datetime value in Local server datetime

Set @OneDatetime = GETDATE() -- you can comment out if you have spec datetime for local server in previous line

DECLARE @TimeZone VARCHAR(50) EXEC MASTER.dbo.xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE', 'SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\TimeZoneInformation','TimeZoneKeyName',@TimeZone OUT

SELECT

@OneDatetime AS OneDatetime ,

@OneDatetime AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone AS 'Local_OneDatetime' ,

Convert(DATETIME, @OneDatetime AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone AT TIME ZONE 'Pacific Standard Time')AS 'to PST',

Convert(DATETIME, @OneDatetime AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone AT TIME ZONE 'Eastern Standard Time') AS 'to EST',

Convert(DATETIME, @OneDatetime AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' ) AS 'to UTC',

Convert(DATETIME, @OneDatetime AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone AT TIME ZONE 'Central European Standard Time') AS 'to CET',

Convert(DATETIME, @OneDatetime AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone AT TIME ZONE 'India Standard Time') AS 'to IST',

@TimeZone AS ServerTimeZone,

GETDATE() AS Server_Currrent_GetDate,

@OneDatetime AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone AS 'Server_current_offset'

Convert UTC datetime or the server UTC time to different timezone:

DECLARE @UTCOneDatetime DATETIME = '2024-07-05 20:21:00'; -- Replace with your datetime value in Local server datetime
Set @UTCOneDatetime = GETUTCDATE() -- yo can comment out if you have UTC datetime
DECLARE @TimeZone VARCHAR(50) EXEC MASTER.dbo.xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE', 'SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\TimeZoneInformation','TimeZoneKeyName',@TimeZone OUT


SELECT 
@UTCOneDatetime  AS UTCOneDatetime ,
--@UTCOneDatetime AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone  AS 'UTC_OneDatetime' ,
Convert(DATETIME, @UTCOneDatetime AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'Pacific Standard Time')AS 'to PST',
Convert(DATETIME, @UTCOneDatetime AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'Eastern Standard Time') AS 'to EST',
Convert(DATETIME, @UTCOneDatetime AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' ) AS 'to UTC',
Convert(DATETIME, @UTCOneDatetime AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'Central European Standard Time') AS 'to CET',
Convert(DATETIME, @UTCOneDatetime AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'India Standard Time') AS 'to IST',
Convert(DATETIME, @UTCOneDatetime AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'UTC') AS UTC,
Convert(DATETIME, @UTCOneDatetime AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone) AS '--> To_LocalServerTime <--',
@TimeZone AS ServerTimeZone,
GETDATE()  AS 'Server_Current_GetDate',
GETUTCDATE()  AS 'Server_Current_GetUTCDate',
GETUTCDATE() AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone AS  'Server_Current_offset'

DECLARE @UTCOneDatetime DATETIME = '2024-07-05 20:21:00'; -- Replace with your datetime value in Local server datetime

Set @UTCOneDatetime = GETUTCDATE() -- yo can comment out if you have UTC datetime

DECLARE @TimeZone VARCHAR(50) EXEC MASTER.dbo.xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE', 'SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\TimeZoneInformation','TimeZoneKeyName',@TimeZone OUT

SELECT

@UTCOneDatetime AS UTCOneDatetime ,

--@UTCOneDatetime AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone AS 'UTC_OneDatetime' ,

Convert(DATETIME, @UTCOneDatetime AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'Pacific Standard Time')AS 'to PST',

Convert(DATETIME, @UTCOneDatetime AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'Eastern Standard Time') AS 'to EST',

Convert(DATETIME, @UTCOneDatetime AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' ) AS 'to UTC',

Convert(DATETIME, @UTCOneDatetime AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'Central European Standard Time') AS 'to CET',

Convert(DATETIME, @UTCOneDatetime AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'India Standard Time') AS 'to IST',

Convert(DATETIME, @UTCOneDatetime AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'UTC') AS UTC,

Convert(DATETIME, @UTCOneDatetime AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone) AS '--> To_LocalServerTime <--',

@TimeZone AS ServerTimeZone,

GETDATE() AS 'Server_Current_GetDate',

GETUTCDATE() AS 'Server_Current_GetUTCDate',

GETUTCDATE() AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE @TimeZone AS 'Server_Current_offset'

Continue reading “DateTime calculator to UTC to Local Server time to a specific TimeZone”

14th February 2024

Add read rights to all existing and new user databases

The following script add read user rights for every user databases and system model databases for the new databases to readeruser login.

USE [master]
GO
CREATE LOGIN [readeruser] WITH PASSWORD=N'supersecretpw', DEFAULT_DATABASE=[master], CHECK_EXPIRATION=OFF, CHECK_POLICY=ON
GO


DECLARE @dbname VARCHAR(50)   
DECLARE @statement NVARCHAR(max)

DECLARE db_cursor CURSOR 
LOCAL FAST_FORWARD
FOR  
SELECT name
FROM MASTER.dbo.sysdatabases
WHERE name NOT IN ('master','msdb','tempdb','distribution')  
OPEN db_cursor  
FETCH NEXT FROM db_cursor INTO @dbname  
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0  
BEGIN  

SELECT @statement = 'use '+@dbname +';'+ 'CREATE USER [readeruser] FOR LOGIN [readeruser]; EXEC sp_addrolemember N''db_datareader'', [readeruser];'


EXEC sp_executesql @statement


FETCH NEXT FROM db_cursor INTO @dbname  
END  
CLOSE db_cursor  
DEALLOCATE db_cursor

USE [master]

CREATE LOGIN [readeruser] WITH PASSWORD=N'supersecretpw', DEFAULT_DATABASE=[master], CHECK_EXPIRATION=OFF, CHECK_POLICY=ON

DECLARE @dbname VARCHAR(50)

DECLARE @statement NVARCHAR(max)

DECLARE db_cursor CURSOR

LOCAL FAST_FORWARD

FOR

SELECT name

FROM MASTER.dbo.sysdatabases

WHERE name NOT IN ('master','msdb','tempdb','distribution')

OPEN db_cursor

FETCH NEXT FROM db_cursor INTO @dbname

WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0

BEGIN

SELECT @statement = 'use '+@dbname +';'+ 'CREATE USER [readeruser] FOR LOGIN [readeruser]; EXEC sp_addrolemember N''db_datareader'', [readeruser];'

EXEC sp_executesql @statement

FETCH NEXT FROM db_cursor INTO @dbname

END

CLOSE db_cursor

DEALLOCATE db_cursor

19th October 202319th October 2023

Export a huge table to csv text file

The most easiest and quick method even for large table using the bcp:

bcp dbname.dbo.tablename out T:\temp\table5.txt -S localhost -T -c -t, -a 32768

1	bcp dbname.dbo.tablename out T:\temp\table5.txt -S localhost -T -c -t, -a 32768

if you use unicode add: -w

11th June 202311th June 2023

DBATools Get-DbaDatabase] Failure | The certificate chain was issued by an authority that is not trusted.

If you get the error:

Get-DbaDatabase] Failure | The certificate chain was issued by an authority that is not trusted.

You can set in dbatools:

Set-DbatoolsConfig -FullName sql.connection.trustcert -Value $true -Register

1	Set-DbatoolsConfig -FullName sql.connection.trustcert -Value $true -Register

# Set these defaults for all future sessions on this machine
Set-DbatoolsInsecureConnection

# Set defaults just for this session
Set-DbatoolsInsecureConnection -SessionOnly

# Set these defaults for all future sessions on this machine

Set-DbatoolsInsecureConnection

# Set defaults just for this session

Set-DbatoolsInsecureConnection -SessionOnly

dbatools sql The certificate chain was issued by an authority that is not trusted.

14th April 202314th April 2023

SQL Server using Active Directory Kerberos authentication on RedHat linux

This is an SSMS screenshot where a SQL user and two (windows) domain users connected to SQL Server:

SQL Server on Red Hat Linux using kerberos AD authentication

some hint if you want to deploy it:
– at first you have to join the linux server to the Active Directory
sudo realm join SQLPLAYGROUND.COM -U ‘azureadmin’ -v
– kinit and klist help you to check kerberos tickets
– you can use create -k /var/opt/mssql/secrets/mssql.keytab only in Ubuntu
– you have to use ktpass /princ MSSQLSvc/REDHATSQL2019.SQLPLAYGROUND.COM:1433@CONTOSO.COM /ptype KRB5_NT_PRINCIPAL /crypto aes256-sha1 /mapuser SQLPLAYGROUND\sqluser /out mssql.keytab -setpass -setupn /kvno /pass in Red-Hat linux

7th December 20227th December 2022

Index usage statistics

Do you have unused index? Do you have ineffective index? How many times was it used for select or update?
Is it used by scan , seeks or lookups?
Index usage statistics :

-- index usage statistics
SELECT d.name AS DatabaseName, t.name AS TableName, i.name AS IndexName, ius.*
FROM sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats ius
JOIN sys.databases d ON d.database_id = ius.database_id
JOIN sys.tables t ON t.object_id = ius.object_id
JOIN sys.indexes i ON i.object_id = ius.object_id AND i.index_id = ius.index_id
WHERE d.database_id = (DB_ID(N'DataBaseName'))   and t.name='TablesName'    -- Database Name and Table
ORDER BY user_updates DESC

-- index usage statistics

SELECT d.name AS DatabaseName, t.name AS TableName, i.name AS IndexName, ius.*

FROM sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats ius

JOIN sys.databases d ON d.database_id = ius.database_id

JOIN sys.tables t ON t.object_id = ius.object_id

JOIN sys.indexes i ON i.object_id = ius.object_id AND i.index_id = ius.index_id

WHERE d.database_id = (DB_ID(N'DataBaseName')) and t.name='TablesName' -- Database Name and Table

ORDER BY user_updates DESC

14th September 202216th September 2022

How to start a stored procedure when SQL server start?

You can start a stored procedure that is set to automatic execution runs every time an instance of SQL Server is started.

EXEC sp_procoption @ProcName = N'<procedure name>'   
    , @OptionName = 'startup'   /*  The only value for option is startup. */
    , @OptionValue = 'on';      /* (true or on) or off (false or off)     */


EXEC sp_procoption @ProcName = N'<procedure name>'     
    , @OptionName = 'startup'
    , @OptionValue = 'off';

EXEC sp_procoption @ProcName = N'<procedure name>'

, @OptionName = 'startup' /* The only value for option is startup. */

, @OptionValue = 'on'; /* (true or on) or off (false or off) */

EXEC sp_procoption @ProcName = N'<procedure name>'

, @OptionName = 'startup'

, @OptionValue = 'off';

Is there any autostart stored procedure on your SQL Server?
You can query:

SELECT ROUTINE_NAME
FROM MASTER.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.ROUTINES
WHERE OBJECTPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID(ROUTINE_NAME),'ExecIsStartup') = 1

SELECT ROUTINE_NAME

FROM MASTER.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.ROUTINES

WHERE OBJECTPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID(ROUTINE_NAME),'ExecIsStartup') = 1

25th April 202225th April 2022

Replace a MS SQL Database in AlwaysOn AG with DBATools

There is a database in AG and you need to drop it and restore from backup (which is sometimes a transition from developer to prod )
You don’t need any prerequisite for cluster nodes and AG names.
The script find the instance in local windows server and find the db AG nodes and listener.
So finally you need the database name and the location of the backup folder which can be an Ola backup solution folder.

$db="AdventureWorks"
$BackupDirectory= "\\backupserver01\mssql_bkp\SQLSERVER15\AdventureWorks"

$SqlServersOnline = (Get-ClusterNode).name | Find-DbaInstance | Where-Object {$_.Availability -eq "Available" }
#find AG:
$AGGroup =Get-DbaAgDatabase -SqlInstance $SqlServersOnline[0] | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $db}
$SQLListener = Get-DbaAgListener -SqlInstance  $SqlServersOnline[0]  | Where-Object {$_.AvailabilityGroup -eq $AGGroup.AvailabilityGroup}

# connect to listener to get primary and secondary
$availabilityGroupReplicas = Get-DbaAgReplica -SqlInstance $SQLlistener.Name -AvailabilityGroup $AGGroup.AvailabilityGroup
$PrimaryReplica = ($availabilityGroupReplicas | Where-Object role -eq 'Primary').Name
$SecondaryReplica = ($availabilityGroupReplicas | Where-Object role -eq 'Secondary').Name
$AvailabilityGroup = $AGGroup.AvailabilityGroup
# remove db from AG-s

Remove-DbaAgDatabase -SqlInstance $PrimaryReplica -AvailabilityGroup $AvailabilityGroup -Database $db
Remove-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance $secondaryReplica -Database $db -Confirm:$false

# check restore script with -OutputScriptOnly 
# Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance $primaryReplica -DatabaseName $db -Path $BackupDirectory -WithReplace   -MaintenanceSolution -OutputScriptOnly   
# usefull paratmeters if needed:  -RestoreTime '2022-01-26 07:15:00' -WithReplace  -OutputScriptOnly -MaintenanceSolution
Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance $primaryReplica -DatabaseName $db -Path $BackupDirectory -WithReplace  -MaintenanceSolution # -OutputScriptOnly 


# check and set recovery model if needed
if ( (Get-DbaDbRecoveryModel  -SqlInstance $PrimaryReplica  -Database $db).recoverymodel -eq "Simple")   `
    {  Set-DbaDbRecoveryModel  -SqlInstance $PrimaryReplica  -Database $db  -RecoveryModel Full ; Backup-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance $PrimaryReplica -Database $db -FilePath NUL } 

# add database to primary AG 
Add-DbaAgDatabase -SqlInstance $PrimaryReplica -AvailabilityGroup $AvailabilityGroup -Database $db -SeedingMode Automatic

$db="AdventureWorks"

$BackupDirectory= "\\backupserver01\mssql_bkp\SQLSERVER15\AdventureWorks"

$SqlServersOnline = (Get-ClusterNode).name | Find-DbaInstance | Where-Object {$_.Availability -eq "Available" }

#find AG:

$AGGroup =Get-DbaAgDatabase -SqlInstance $SqlServersOnline[0] | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $db}

$SQLListener = Get-DbaAgListener -SqlInstance $SqlServersOnline[0] | Where-Object {$_.AvailabilityGroup -eq $AGGroup.AvailabilityGroup}

# connect to listener to get primary and secondary

$availabilityGroupReplicas = Get-DbaAgReplica -SqlInstance $SQLlistener.Name -AvailabilityGroup $AGGroup.AvailabilityGroup

$PrimaryReplica = ($availabilityGroupReplicas | Where-Object role -eq 'Primary').Name

$SecondaryReplica = ($availabilityGroupReplicas | Where-Object role -eq 'Secondary').Name

$AvailabilityGroup = $AGGroup.AvailabilityGroup

# remove db from AG-s

Remove-DbaAgDatabase -SqlInstance $PrimaryReplica -AvailabilityGroup $AvailabilityGroup -Database $db

Remove-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance $secondaryReplica -Database $db -Confirm:$false

# check restore script with -OutputScriptOnly

# Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance $primaryReplica -DatabaseName $db -Path $BackupDirectory -WithReplace -MaintenanceSolution -OutputScriptOnly

# usefull paratmeters if needed: -RestoreTime '2022-01-26 07:15:00' -WithReplace -OutputScriptOnly -MaintenanceSolution

Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance $primaryReplica -DatabaseName $db -Path $BackupDirectory -WithReplace -MaintenanceSolution # -OutputScriptOnly

# check and set recovery model if needed

if ( (Get-DbaDbRecoveryModel -SqlInstance $PrimaryReplica -Database $db).recoverymodel -eq "Simple") `

{ Set-DbaDbRecoveryModel -SqlInstance $PrimaryReplica -Database $db -RecoveryModel Full ; Backup-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance $PrimaryReplica -Database $db -FilePath NUL }

# add database to primary AG

Add-DbaAgDatabase -SqlInstance $PrimaryReplica -AvailabilityGroup $AvailabilityGroup -Database $db -SeedingMode Automatic

17th March 2022

Setup.exe error with using ConfigurationFile.ini

SQL server setup error with using setup.exe /CONFIGURATIONFILE=D:\Install\ConfigurationFile.ini

Error message:
Error result: -2054422506
Result facility code: 1420
Result error code: 22

Please check the ini file:

Reason:
; Setup will not display any user interface.
QUIET=”True”
; Setup will display progress only, without any user interaction.
QUIETSIMPLE=”False”
; Parameter that controls the user interface behavior. Valid values are Normal for the full UI,AutoAdvance for a simplied UI, and EnableUIOnServerCore for bypassing Server Core setup GUI block.
UIMODE=”Normal”

Possible Solution :
QUIET=”False”